Publications contributed to the program of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies

Published Papers

Caraco, N. F., J. E. Bauer, J. J. Cole, S. Petsch and P. A. Raymond.   2010.   Millennial-aged organic carbon subsidies to a modern river food web. Ecology   91(8):2385-2393.

Findlay, S., W. H. McDowell, D. Fischer, M. L. Pace, N. Caraco, S. S. Kaushal, and K. C. Weathers.   2010.   Total carbon analysis may overestimate organic carbon content of fresh waters in the presence of high dissolved inorganic carbon.   Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods   8:196-201.

Kornijow, R., D. L. Strayer, and N. F. Caraco.   2010.   Macroinvertebrate communities of hypoxic habitats created by an invasive plant (Trapa natans) in the freshwater tidal Hudson River. Fundam. Appl. Limnol.   176(3):199-207

Caraco, N.   2009.   Phosphorus in inland waters.In: G.E. Likens (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Inland Waters.   Oxford: Elsevier.  

Goodwin, K., N. Caraco, and J. Cole.   2008.   Temporal dynamics of dissolved oxygen in a floating leaved macrophyte bed.   Freshwat. Biol.   53(8):1632-1641.

Maranger, R., N. Caraco, J. Duhamel and M. Amyot.   2008.   Nitrogen transfer from sea to land via commercial fisheries.   Nature Geoscience   1 (2): 111-113.

Strayer, D. L., M. L. Pace, N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, and S.E.G. Findlay.   2008.   Hydrology and grazing jointly control a large-river food web. Ecology   89(1):12-18.

Cole, J. J., Y. T. Prairie, N. F. Caraco, W. H. McDowell, L. J. Tranvik, R. G. Striegl, C. M. Duarte, P. Kortelainen, J. A. Downing, J. Middleburg, and J. Melack.   2007.   Plumbing the global carbon cycle: Integrating inland waters into the terrestrial carbon budget. Ecosystems   10:171-184.

Fernald, S. H., N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole.   2007.   Changes in cyanobacterial dominance following the invasion of the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha: Long-term results from the Hudson River estuary. Estuaries and Coasts   30(1):163-170.

Caraco, N. F.   2006.   Water Chestnut impacts on oxygen in the tidal Hudson River.   Aquatic Invaders   17:8-9.

Caraco, N. F., and J. J. Cole.   2006.   Hydrologic control of external carbon loads and primary production in the tidal freshwater Hudson. pp. 63-74. In: J. R. Waldman, K. E. Limburg, and D. L. Strayer (eds.). Hudson River Fishes and their Environment.   American Fisheries Society.  

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, and D. L. Strayer.   2006.   Top down control from the bottom: Regulation of eutrophication in a large river by benthic grazing. Limnol. Oceanogr.   51:664-670.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, S. E. G. Findlay, and C. Wigand.   2006.   Vascular plants as engineers of oxygen in aquatic systems.   BioScience   56(3):219-225.

Cole, J. J., and N. F. Caraco.   2006.   Primary production and its regulation in the tidal-freshwater Hudson River. pp. 107-120. In: J. S. Levinton and J. R. Waldman (eds.). The Hudson River Estuary.   Cambridge University Press, New York.  

Downing, J. A., Y. T. Prairie, J. J. Cole, C. M. Duarte, L. J. Tranvik, R. G. Striegl, W. H. McDowell, P. Kortelainen, N. F. Caraco, J. M. Melack, and J. Middelburg.   2006.   The global abundance and size distribution of lakes, ponds, and impoundments. Limnol. Oceanogr.   51(5):2388-2397.

Huszar, V. L. M., N. F. Caraco, F. Roland, and J. Cole.   2006.   Nutrient-chlorophyll relationships in tropical-subtropical lakes: Do temperate models fit?   Biogeochemistry   79(1-2):239- 250.

Duarte, C. M., J. J. Middelburg, and N. Caraco.   2005.   Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle.   Biogeosciences   2:1-8.

Harrison, J. A., N. F. Caraco, and S. P. Seitzinger.   2005.   Global patterns of dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus export by rivers: Results from a spatially explicit, global model.   Global Biogeochem. Cycles.   19:GB4SO4.

Harrison, J. A., S. P. Seitzinger, A. F. Bouwman, N. F. Caraco, A. H. W. Beusen, and C. J. Vorosmarty.   2005.   Dissolved inorganic phosphorus export to the coastal zone: Results from a spatially explicit global model.   Global Biogeochem. Cycles.   9:GB4S03.

Jensen, H. S., N. Caraco, J. Hansen, and K. K. Christensen.   2005.   Humic-bound phosphorus in soil and sediment. pp. 99-107. In: H. L. Golterman and L. Serrano (eds.). Phosphate in Sediments.   Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.  

Strayer, D. L., E. A. Blair, N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, S. Findlay, W. C. Nieder, and M. L. Pace.   2005.   Interactions between alien species and restoration of large-river ecosystems.   Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl.   155(1-4):133-145.

Caraco, N. F., and J. J. Cole.   2004.   When terrestrial organic matter is sent down the river: Importance of allochthonous C inputs to the metabolism in lakes and rivers. pp. 301-316. In: A. Polis, M. E. Power, and G. Huxell (eds.). Food Webs at the Landscape Level.   University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.  

Maranger, R. J., M. L. Pace, P. A. del Giorgio, N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole.   2004.   Longitudinal spatial patterns of bacterial production and respiration in a large river-estuary: Implications for ecosystem carbon consumption. Ecosystems   8:1-14

Raymond, P. A., J. E. Bauer, N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, B. Longworth, and S. T. Petsch.   2004.   Controls on the variability of organic matter and dissolved inorganic carbon age in Northeast U.S. Rivers.   Mar. Chem.   92(1-4):353-366.

Caraco, N. F., and J. J. Cole.   2003.   The importance of organic nitrogen production in aquatic systems: A landscape perspective. pp. 263-283. In: S. E. G. Findlay, and R. L. Sinsabaugh (eds.). Aquatic Ecosystems: Interactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter.   Academic Press/Elsevier Science, San Diego, California.  

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, G. E. Likens, G. M. Lovett, and K. C. Weathers.   2003.   Variation in NO3 export from flowing waters of vastly different sizes: Does one model fit all? Ecosystems   6(4):344-352.

Huszar V., C. Kruk, and N. Caraco.   2003.   The ecology of persistent phytoplankton assemblages in four temperate lakes.   Hydrobiologia   502:97-109.

Caraco, N. F., and J. J. Cole.   2002.   Contrasting impacts of a native and alien macrophyte on dissolved oxygen in a large river. Ecol. Appl.   12(5):1496-1509.

Seitzinger S. P., C. Kroeze, A. F. Bouwman, N. Caraco, F. Dentener, and R. V. Styles.   2002.   Global patterns of dissolved inorganic and particulate nitrogen inputs to coastal systems: recent conditions and future projections.   Estuaries   25:640-655.

Bennett E. M., S. R. Carpenter, and N. F. Caraco.   2001.   Human impact on erodable phosphorus and eutrophication: a global perspective.   BioScience   51:227-234.

Caraco, N. F., and J. J. Cole.   2001.   Human influence on nitrogen export: a comparison of mesic and xeric catchments.   Mar. Freshwat. Res.   52:119-125.

Cole J. J., and N. F. Caraco.   2001.   Carbon in catchments: connecting terrestrial carbon losses with aquatic metabolism. Mar. Freshwat. Res.   52:101-110.

Cole, J. J., and N. F. Caraco.   2001.   Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) from a tidal, freshwater river, the Hudson River, New York.   Environ. Sci. Technol.   35:991-996.

Lampman G. G., N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole.   2001.   A method for the measurement of particulate C and P on the same filtered sample. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.   217:59-65.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, S. E. G. Findlay, D. T. Fischer, G. G. Lampman, M. L. Pace, and D. L. Strayer.   2000.   Dissolved oxygen declines in the Hudson River associated with the invasion of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Environ. Sci. Technol.   34:1204-1210.

Weathers, K. C., G. M. Lovett, G. E. Likens, and N. F. M. Caraco.   2000.   Cloudwater inputs of nitrogen to forest ecosystems in southern Chile: forms, fluxes, and sources.   Ecosystems   3:590-595.

Caraco, N. F., and J. J. Cole.   1999.   Human impact on nitrate export: an analysis using major world rivers. Ambio   28(2):167-170.

Caraco, N. F., and J. J. Cole.   1999.   Regional-scale export of C, N, P and sediment: what river data tell us about key controlling variables. In: J. D. Tenhunen and P. Kabat (eds.). Integrating Hydrology, Ecosystem Dynamics and Biogeochemistry in Complex Landscapes.   J. Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.   pp. 239-253.

del Giorgio, P. A., J. J. Cole, N. F. Caraco, and R. H. Peters.   1999.   Linking planktonic biomass structure to plankton metabolism and net gas flux in northern temperate lakes.   Ecology   80(4):1422-1431.

Lampman, G., N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole.   1999.   Spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient concentration and export in the tidal Hudson River.   Estuaries   22:285-296.

Roland, F., N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, and P. A. del Giorgio.   1999.   Rapid and precise determination of dissolved oxygen by spectrophotometry: evaluation of interference from color and turbidity.   Limnol. Oceanogr.   44 (4):1148-1154.

Strayer, D. L., N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, S. Findlay, and M. L Pace.   1999.   Transformation of freshwater ecosystems by bivalves: a case study of zebra mussels in the Hudson River. BioScience   49:19-27.

Bastviken, D. T. E., N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole.   1998.   Experimental measurements of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) impacts on phytoplankton community composition. Freshwat. Biol.   39(2):375-386.

Caraco, N. F., and R. A. Miller.   1998.   Effects of CO2 on competition between a cyanobacteria and eukaryotic phytoplankton.   Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.   55:54-62.

Caraco, N. F., G. Lampman, J. J. Cole, K. E. Limburg, M. L. Pace, and D. Fischer.   1998.   Microbial assimilation of DIN in a nitrogen rich estuary: implications for food quality and isotope studies.   Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.   167:59-71.

Carpenter, S., N. F. Caraco, D. L. Correll, R. W. Howarth, A. N. Sharpley, and V. H. Smith.   1998.   Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen.   Issues Ecol.   3:1-12.

Carpenter, S., N. F. Caraco, D. L. Correll, R. W. Howarth, A. N. Sharpley, and V. H. Smith.   1998.   Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen.   Ecol. Appl.   8(3):559-568.

Cole, J. J., and N. F. Caraco.   1998.   Atmospheric exchange of carbon dioxide in a low-wind oligotrophic lake measured by the addition of SF6. Limnol. Oceanogr.   43(4):647-656.

Huszar, V., and N. Caraco.   1998.   The relationship between phytoplankton composition and physical chemical variables: a comparison of taxonomic and morphological approaches in six temperate lakes.   Freshwat. Biol.   40:679-696.

Smith, T. E., R. J. Stevenson, N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole.   1998.   Changes in phytoplankton community structure during the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) invasion of the Hudson River (New York).   J. Plank. Res.   20:1567-1579.

Weathers, K. C., G. M. Lovett, G. E. Likens, and N. Caraco.   1998.   Cloud water in southern Chile: whence come the nutrients? In: R. S. Schemenauer and J. Bridgman (eds.).   First International Conference on Fog and Fog Collection. IDRC, Ottawa, Canada.   pp. 313-315.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, P. A. Raymond, D. L. Strayer, M. L. Pace, S. E. G. Findlay, and D. T. Fischer.   1997.   Zebra mussel invasion in a large, turbid river: phytoplankton response to increased grazing. Ecology   78:588-602.

Raymond, P. A., N. F. Caraco, and J. J. Cole.   1997.   CO2 concentration and atmospheric flux in the Hudson River. Estuaries   20:381-390.

Roditi, H. A., N. F. Caraco, J. J. Cole, and D. L. Strayer.   1996.   Filtration of Hudson River water by the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Estuaries   19:824-832.

Caraco, N. F.   1995.   Influence of humans on P transfers to aquatic systems: a regional scale study using large rivers.In: H. Tiessen (ed.). Phosphorus cycles in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. SCOPE.   Wiley & Sons, Chichester.   pp. 235-244.

Cole, J. J., N. F. Caraco, G. W. Kling, and T. W. Kratz.   1994.   Carbon dioxide supersaturation in the surface waters of lakes. Science   265:1568-1570.

Caraco, N. F.   1993.   Disturbance of the phosphorus cycle: a case of indirect effects of human activity.   Trends Ecol. Evol.   8:51-54.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, and G. E. Likens.   1993.   Sulfate control of phosphorus availability in lakes: a test and re-evaluation of Hasler and Einsele's Model.   Hydrobiologia   253:275-280.

Cole, J. J., and N. F. Caraco.   1993.   The microbial food-web of oligotrophic lakes. Chapter 5, In: T. Ford (ed.). Aquatic Microbiology.   Blackwell Scientific Press.   pp. 101-112.

Cole, J. J., B. L. Peierls, N. F. Caraco, and M. L. Pace.   1993.   Nitrogen loading of rivers as a human-driven process. In: M. J. McDonnell and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.). Humans as Components of Ecosystems: The Ecology of Subtle Human Effects and Populated Areas.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 141-157.

Cole, J. J., M. L. Pace, N. F. Caraco, and G. S. Steinhart.   1993.   Bacterial biomass and cell size distributions in lakes: more and larger cells in anoxic waters. Limnol. Oceanogr.   38:1627-1632.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, and G. E. Likens.   1992.   New and recycled primary production in an oligotrophic lake: insights for summer phosphorus dynamics. Limnol. Oceanogr.   37(3):590-602.

Cole, J. J., N. F. Caraco, and B. Peierls.   1992.   Can phytoplankton maintain a positive carbon balance in a turbid, freshwater, tidal estuary? Limnol. Oceanogr.   37:1608-1617.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, and G. E. Likens.   1991.   Phosphorus release from anoxic sediments: lakes that break the rules.   Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol.   24(5):2985-2988.

Caraco, N., J. J. Cole, and G. E. Likens.   1991.   A cross-system study of phosphorus release from lake sediments. In: J. Cole, G. Lovett, and S. Findlay (eds.). Comparative Analyses of Ecosystems: Patterns, Mechanisms and Theories.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 241-258.

Cole, J. J., N. F. Caraco, and B. Peierls.   1991.   Phytoplankton primary production in the tidal, freshwater Hudson River, New York (USA).   Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol.   24(3):1715-1719.

Findlay, S., M. L. Pace, D. Lints, J. J. Cole, N. F. Caraco, and B. Peierls.   1991.   Weak coupling of bacterial and algal production in a heterotrophic ecosystem, the Hudson Estuary. Limnol. Oceanogr.   36:268-278.

Peierls, B. L., N. F. Caraco, M. L. Pace, and J. J. Cole.   1991.   Human influence on river nitrogen.   Nature   350:386-387.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, and G. E. Likens.   1990.   A comparison of phosphorus immobilization in sediments of freshwater and coastal marine systems.   Biogeochemistry   9:277-290.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, G. E. Likens, and S. S. Nolan.   1990.   Atmospheric inputs of phosphorus to an oligotrophic lake. In: I. G. Poppoff, C. R. Goldman, S. L. Loeb, and L. B. Leopold (eds.).   Proceedings International Mountain Watershed Symposium Subalpine Processes and Water Quality, South Lake Tahoe, California, June 1988.   pp. 361-369.

Cole, J. J., N. F. Caraco, and G. E. Likens.   1990.   Short-range atmospheric transport: a significant source of phosphorus to an oligotrophic lake. Limnol. Oceanogr.   35(6):1230-1237.

Caraco, N. F., and A. H. Puccoon.   1989.   A reply to Knowlton et al.   Limnol. Oceanogr.   34:1383-1384.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, and G. E. Likens.   1989.   Evidence for sulphate-controlled phosphorus release from sediments of aquatic systems.   Nature   341(6240):316-318.

Caraco, N. M., and G. M. Lovett.   1989.   How can the various approaches to studying long-term ecological phenomena be integrated to maximize understanding? In: G. E. Likens (ed.). Long-Term Studies in Ecology: Approaches and Alternatives.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 186-188.

Cole, J. J., N. F. Caraco, D. L. Strayer, C. Ochs, and S. S. Nolan.   1989.   A detailed carbon budget as an ecosystem-level calibration of bacterial respiration in an oligotrophic lake during mid-summer.   Limnol. Oceanogr.   34:286-296.

Caraco, N.   1988.   What is the mechanism behind the seasonal switch between N and P limitation in estuaries?   Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.   45:380-381.

Caraco, N. F., J. J. Cole, G. E. Likens, M. D. Mattson, and S. Nolan.   1988.   A very imbalanced nutrient budget for Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, U.S.A.   Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol.   23(1):170-175.

Caraco, N., A. Tamse, O. Boutros, and I. Valiela.   1987.   Nutrient limitation of phytoplankton growth in brackish coastal ponds.   Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.   44(2):473-476.

Caraco, N., and A. H. Puccoon.   1986.   The measurement of bacterial chlorophyll and algal chlorophyll a in natural waters.   Limnol. Oceanogr.   31(4):889-893.

Cole, J. J., S. Honjo, and N. Caraco.   1985.   Seasonal variation in the flux of algal pigments to a deep-water site in the Panama Basin.   Hydrobiologia   122:193-197.

Miscellaneous Publications

Caraco N. F., and L. Quillen.   2006.   Invasive water chestnut in the Hudson River.   Poughkeepsie Journal  

Cole, J. J., and N. F. Caraco.   1993.   Nitrogen pollution of coastal waters: the role of anthropogenically derived atmospheric deposition.   Report to the New York State Electric Power Pool [IES, Millbrook, New York].   40 pp.

Caraco, N. F.   1990.   Relationship between production and nutrient loading in a brackish coastal pond, Siders Pond, Falmouth, Massachusetts. In: A. E. Giblin (ed.). Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report.   WHOI-90-21.   pp. 8-12.