Publications contributed to the program of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies

Books

Pickett, S. T. A., J. Kolasa, and C. G. Jones.   2007.   Ecological Understanding: The Nature of Theory and The Theory of Nature. Second Edition. Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, California.   133 pp.

Shachak, M., J. R. Gosz, S. T. A. Pickett, and A. Perevelotsky (eds.).   2004.   Biodiversity in Drylands: Toward a Unified Framework.   Oxford University Press, New York.   368 pp.

Pickett, S. T. A., R. S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens (eds.).   1997.   The Ecological Basis of Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity.   Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York.   466 pp.

Pickett, S. T. A., J. Kolasa, and C. G. Jones.   1994.   Ecological Understanding: The Nature of Theory and the Theory of Nature. Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, California.   206 pp.

McDonnell, M. J., and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.).   1993.   Humans as Components of Ecosystems: The Ecology of Subtle Human Effects and Populated Areas.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   364 pp.

Kolasa, J., and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.).   1991.   Ecological Heterogeneity.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   332 pp.

Books--In Press

McGrath, B., M. L. Cadenasso, J. M. Grove, V. Marshall, S. T. A. Pickett, and J. Towers (eds.).   2007.   Designing Urban Patch Dynamics.   Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, Columbia University, New York.  

Book Reviews

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   1999.   Review of [Paul R. Ehrlich, 1997. A World of Wounds: Ecologists and the Human Dilemma].   Q. Rev. Biol.   74:102.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   Review of Landscape Ecology, Function and Management: Principles from Australia's Rangelands by J. Ludwig, D. Tongway, D. Freudenberger, J. Noble, and K. Hodgkinson. CSIRO, Collingwood, Victoria.   J. Veg. Sci..   9:295

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   1996.   [Plant Succession: Theory and Prediction. 1992. D. C. Glenn-Lewin, R. K. Pett, and T. T. Veblen (eds.). Chapman and Hall, New York. 352 pp.]   J. Veg. Sci.   7:297-302.

Pickett, S. T. A., and N. E. Barrett.   1993.   [Ecological Principles of Nature Conservation: Applications in Temperate and Boreal Environments, L. Hansson (ed.), 1992, Elsevier Applied Science, 436 pp.;and Science and the Management of Protected Areas, J. M. H. Willison, S. Bodrup-Nielson, C. Drysdale, T. B. Herman, N. W. P. Munro, and T. L. Pollock (eds.), 1992, Elsevier Science Publishers, 548 pp.]   Trends Ecol. Evol.   8:224-225.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1992.   [Perspectives in Biological Theory, J. Roughgarden, R. M. May, and S. A. Levin (eds.), 1989, Princeton University Press, 394 pp.]   J. Veg. Sci.   3:139-140.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1991.   [Forest Stand Dynamics by C. D. Oliver and B. C. Larson. Biological Resources Management Series, W. M. Getz, ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.]   Q. Rev. Biol.   66:358.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1991.   [Ecological Management: Directing Ecological Succession by J. O. Luken, Chapman & Hall, 1990.]   Trends Ecol. Evol.   6:232.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1991.   [Written in Stone: A Geological History of the Northeastern United States by C. Raymo and M. E. Raymo. 163 pp. Globe Pequot Press, Chester, CT, 1989.] Bull.   Torrey Bot. Club   118:216-217.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1991.   [Succession in Abandoned Fields: Studies in Central Czechoslovakia, Geobotany 15. xv + 168 pp. Edited by J. Osbornova, M. Kovarova, J. Leps, and K. Prach, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1990.]   Bull. Torrey Bot. Club   118:211.

Pickett, S.   1989.   "The" scientific method. [Addison-Wesley Biology: A Systems Approach, 1988. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, Massachusetts].   Bookwatch Rev.   2(4):1-2.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1989.   North American Terrestrial Vegetation [M. G. Barbour and W. D. Billings, eds.].   Q. Rev. Biol.   64:202-203.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1987.   [Plant Community Ecology: Papers in Honor of Robert H. Whittaker, edited by R. K. Peet.]   Am. Sci.   75:306-307.

Pickett, S. T. A., and W. P. Carson.   1987.   [Ecology: Individuals, Populations and Communities by M. Begon, J. L. Harper, and C. R. Townsend.]   Brittonia   39(3):407-408.

Published Papers

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, and K. Schwarz.   2008.   Measuring change - Reply.   Front. Ecol. Environ.   6(2):67-68.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   2008.   Linking ecological and built components of urban mosaics: An open cycle of ecological design. J. Ecol.   96:8-12.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   2008.   Altered resources, disturbance, and heterogeneity: A framework for comparing urban and non-urban soils.   Springer   10.1007/s11252-008-0047-x

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, J. M. Grove, P. M. Groffman, L. E. Band, C. G. Boone, W. R. Burch, C. S. B. Grimmond, J. Hom, J. C. Jenkins, N. L. Law, C. H. Nilon, R. V. Pouyat, K. Szlavecz, P. S. Warren, and M. A. Wilson.   2008.   Beyond urban legends: An emerging framework of urban ecology, as illustrated by the Baltimore Ecosystem Study.   Bioscience   58(2):139-150.

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, and K. Schwarz.   2007.   Spatial heterogeneity in urban ecosystems: Reconceptualizing land cover and a framework for classification.   Front. Ecol. Evol.   5:80-88.

Pickett, S. T. A., K. T. Belt, M. F. Galvin, P. M. Groffman, J. M. Grove, D. C. Outen, R. V. Pouyat, W. P. Stack, and M. L. Cadenasso.   2007.   Watersheds in Baltimore, Maryland: Understanding and application of integrated ecological and social processes.   J. Contemporary Watershed Research and Application.   136:44-55.

Troy, A. R., J. M. Grove, J. P. M. O-Neil-Dunne, S. T. A. Pickett, and M. L. Cadenasso.   2007.   Predicting opportunities for greening and patterns of vegetation on private urban lands.   Environ. Manage.   40(3):394-412.

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, and J. M. Grove.   2006.   Dimensions of ecosystem complexity: Heterogeneity, connectivity, and history.   Ecol. Complex.   3:1-12.

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, and J. M. Grove.   2006.   Integrative approaches to investigating human-natural systems: The Baltimore Ecosystem Study. Natures Sciences Sociétés   14:4-14.

Grove, J. M., A. R. Troy, J. P. M. O’Neil-Dunne, W. R. Burch, Jr., M. L. Cadenasso, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2006.   Characterization of households and its implications for the vegetation of urban ecosystems.   Ecosystems   9:578-597.

Grove, J. M., M. Cadenasso, W. R. Burch, Jr., S. T. A. Pickett, J. P. M. O'Neil-Dunne, K. Schwarz, M. Wilson, A. R. Troy, and C. Boone.   2006.   Data and methods comparing social structure and vegetation structure of urban neighborhoods in Baltimore, Maryland.   Soc. Nat. Resour.   19:117-136.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   2006.   Advancing urban ecological studies: Frameworks, concepts, and results from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study.   Austral Ecol.   3:114-125.

Tenenbaum, D. E., M. L. Cadenasso, L. E. Band, S. T. A. Pickett.   2006.   Using transects to sample digital orthophotography of urbanizing catchments to provide landscape position descriptions.   GIS and Remote Sensing   43:323-351.

Band, L. E., M. L. Cadenasso, S. Grimmond, J. M. Grove, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2005.   Heterogeneity in urban ecosystems: Patterns and process. pp. 257-278. In: G. M Lovett, C. G. Jones, M. Turner, and K. C. Weathers (eds.). Ecosystem Function in Heterogeneous Landscapes.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.  

Davis, M. A., J. Pergl, A. M. Truscott, J. Kollmann, J. P. Bakker, R. Domenech, K. Prach, A. H. Prieur-Richard, R. M. Veeneklaas, P. Pyšek, R. del Moral, R. J. Hobbs, S. L. Collins, S. T. A. Pickett, and P. B. Reich.   2005.   Vegetation change: A reunifying concept in plant ecology. Perspect. Plant. Ecol.   7:69-76.

Felson, A. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   2005.   Designed experiments: New approaches to studying urban ecosystems. Front. Ecol. Environ.   3:549-556.

Grove, J. M., W. R. Burch, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2005.   Social mosaics and urban forestry in Baltimore, Maryland. pp. 249-273. In: R. G. Lee, D. R. Field, and W. R. Burch (eds.). Community Forestry: Continuities in the Social Ecology of Natural Resources.     

Kolasa, J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   2005.   Changing academic perspectives of ecology: A view from within. pp. 50-71. In: E. A. Johnson and M. J. Mappin (eds.). Environmental Education and Advocacy: Changing Perspectives of Ecology and Education.   Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.  

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   2005.   Vegetation succession. p. 178-198. In: E. van der Maarel (ed.).   Vegetation Ecology. Blackwell Scientific, New York.  

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, and J. M. Grove.   2005.   Biocomplexity in coupled natural-human systems: A multidimensional framework.   Ecosystems   8:225-232.

Bartha, S. W., S. J. Meiners, S. T. A. Pickett, and M. L. Cadenasso.   2004.   Plant colonization windows in a mesic old field succession.   Appl. Veg. Sci.   6:205-212.

Cadenasso, M. L., K. C. Weathers, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2004.   Integrating food web and landscape ecology: Subsidies at the regional scale. pp. 263-267. In: G. A. Polis, M. E. Power, and G. Huxel (eds.). Food Webs at the Landscape Level.   University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.  

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, and K. C. Weathers.   2004.   Effect of boundaries and edges on flux of nutrients, detritus, and organisms. pp. 154-168. In: G. A. Polis, M. E. Power, and G. Huxel (eds.). Food Webs at the Landscape Level.   University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.  

Meiners, S. J., M. L. Cadenasso, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2004.   Beyond biodiversity: Multiple responses of invasion in a self-assembling community.   Ecol. Lett.   7:121-126.

Perevolotsky, A., M. Shachak, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2004.   Management for biodiversity: Human and landscape effects on dry environments. pp. 286-304. In: M. Shachak, J. Gosz, S. T. A. Pickett, and A. Perevolotsky (eds.). Biodiversity in Drylands: Toward a Unified Framework.   Oxford University Press, New York.  

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, and J. M. Grove.   2004.   Resilient cities: Meaning, metaphor, and models for integrating the ecological, socio-economic, and planning realms.   Landscape Urban Plan.   69(4):369-384.

Shachak, M., J. R. Gosz, A. Perevelotski, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2004.   Toward a unified framework in biodiversity studies. pp. 320-336. In: M. Shachak, J. Gosz, S. T. A. Pickett, and A. Perevolotsky (eds.). Biodiversity in Drylands: Toward a Unified Framework.   Oxford University Press, New York.  

Shachak, M., J. R. Gosz, A. Perevelotski, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2004.   Introduction: A framework for biodiversity studies. pp. 3-12. In: M. Shachak, J. Gosz, S. T. A. Pickett, and A. Perevolotsky (eds.). Biodiversity in Drylands: Toward a Unified Framework.   Oxford University Press, New York.  

Shachak, M., S. T. A. Pickett, and J. R. Gosz.   2004.   Plant species diversity and ecosystem processes in water limited systems. pp. 153-166. In: M. Shachak, J. Gosz, S. T. A. Pickett, and A. Perevolotsky (eds.). Biodiversity in Drylands: Toward a Unified Framework.   Oxford University Press, New York.  

Aber, J., E. S. Bernhardt, F. Dijkstra, R. H. Gardner, K. H. Macneale, W. J. Parton, S. T. A. Pickett, D. L. Urban, and K. C. Weathers.   2003.   Standards of practice for review and publication of models: Summary of discussion. pp. 204-210. In: C. D. Canham, J. J. Cole, and W. K. Lauenroth (eds.). Models in Ecosystem Science.   Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.  

Bustamante, R. O., I. A. Serey, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2003.   Forest fragmentation, plant regeneration and invasion processes across edges in central Chile. pp. 145-160. In: G. A. Bradshaw, P. A. Marquet, and H. A. Mooney, (eds.). How Landscapes Change: Human Disturbance and Ecosystem Disruption in the Americas.Ecological Studies, Volume 162.   Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg.  

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, K. C. Weathers, and C. G. Jones.   2003.   A framework for a theory of ecological boundaries. BioScience   53:750-758.

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, K. C. Weathers, S. Bell, T. L. Benning, M. M. Carreiro, and T. E. Dawson.   2003.   An interdisciplinary and synthetic approach to ecological boundaries.   BioScience   53:717-722

Pickett, S. T. A.   2003.   Why is developing a broad understanding of urban ecosystems important to science and scientists? pp. 58-72. In: A. R. Berkowitz, C. H. Nilon, and K. S. Hollweg (eds.). Understanding Urban Ecosystems: A New Frontier for Science and Education.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.  

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, and T. L. Benning.   2003.   Biotic and abiotic variability as key determinants of savanna heterogeneity at multiple spatio-temporal scales. pp. 22-40. In: J. T. du Toit, H. C. Biggs, and K. H. Rogers (eds.). The Kruger Experience: Ecology and Management of Savanna Heterogeneity.   Island Press, Washington, D. C.  

Strayer, D. L., M. E. Power, W. F. Fagan, S. T. A. Pickett, and J. Belnap.   2003.   A classification of ecological boundaries.   BioScience   53:723-729.

Baxter, J. W., S. T. A. Pickett, J. Dighton, and M. M. Carreiro.   2002.   Nitrogen and phosphorus availability in oak forest stands exposed to contrasting anthropogenic impacts.   Soil Biol. Biochem.   34:623-633

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, and P. J. Morin.   2002.   Experimental test of the role of mammalian herbivores on old field succession: community structure and seedling survival.   J. Torrey Bot. Soc.   129:228-237.

Helly, J. J., T. T. Elvins, D. Sutton, D. Martinez, S. E. Miller, S. Pickett, and A. M. Ellison.   2002.   Controlled publication of digital scientific data.   Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery   45:97-101.

Meiners, S. J., S. T. A. Pickett, and M. L. Cadenasso.   2002.   Exotic plant invasions over 40 years of old field succession: community patterns and associations.   Ecography   25:215-223.

Meiners, S. J., S. T. A. Pickett, and S. N. Handel.   2002.   Probability of tree seedling establishment changes across a forest-old field edge gradient.   Am. J. Bot.   89:466-471.

Meiners, S. J., S. T. A. Pickett, and S. N. Handel.   2002.   Probability of tree seedling establishment changes across a forest-old field edge gradient.   Am. J. Bot.   89:466-471.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   2002.   Ecosystem as a multidimensional concept: meaning, model and metaphor.   Ecosystems   5:1-10.

Cadenasso, M. L., and S. T. A. Pickett.   2001.   Effect of edge structure on the flux of species into forest interiors.   Conserv. Biol.   15:91-97.

Higgins, S. I., W. J. Bond, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2001.   Environmental stochasticity cannot save declining populations: reply from Higgins, Bond, and Pickett.   Trends Ecol. Evol.   16:177.

Meiners, S. J., S. T. A. Pickett, and M. L. Cadenasso.   2001.   Effects of plant invasions on the species richness of abandoned agricultural land.   Ecography   24:633-644.

Pickett, S. T. A.   2001.   The ecology behind conservation: biodiversities. In: G. D. Therres (ed.). Conservation of Biological Diversity: A Key to the Restoration of the Chesapeake Bay Ecosystem and Beyond. (Meeting was held in May 1998).   Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis, MD.  

Pickett, S. T. A., and R. Rozzi.   2001.   The ecological implications of wolf restoration: contemporary ecological principles and linkages with social processes. In: V. A. Sharpe, B. Norton, and S. Donnelley (eds.). Wolves and Human Communities: Biology, Politics, and Ethics.   Island Press, Washington, D. C.   pp. 261-273.

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, and S. Bartha.   2001.   Implications from the Buell-Small succession study for vegetation restoration.   Appl. Veg. Sci.   4:41-52.

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, J. M. Grove, C. H. Nilon, R. V. Pouyat, W. C. Zipperer, and R. Costanza.   2001.   Urban ecological systems: linking terrestrial ecological, physical, and socio-economic components of metropolitan areas.   Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst.   32:127-157.

Weathers, K. C., M. L. Cadenasso, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2001.   Forest edges as nutrient and pollutant concentrators: potential synergisms between fragmentation, forest canopies, and the atmosphere.   Conserv. Biol.   15:1506-1514.

Zipperer, W. C., and S. T. A. Pickett.   2001.   Urban ecology: patterns of population growth and ecological effects. In: Encyclopedia of Life Science.   Nature Publishing Group, London.  

Bartha, S., S. T. A. Pickett, and M. L. Cadenasso.   2000.   Limitations to species coexistence in secondary succession. Proceedings of the International Association of Vegetation Science Symposium.   Opulus Press, Uppsala, Sweden.   pp. 55-58.

Cadenasso, M. L., and S. T. A. Pickett.   2000.   Linking forest edge structure to edge function: mediation of herbivore damage.   J. Ecol.   88:31-44.

Grimm, N. B., J. M. Grove, S. T. A. Pickett, and C. L. Redman.   2000.   Integrated approaches to long-term studies of urban ecological systems.   BioScience   50:571-584.

Higgins, S. I., S. T. A. Pickett, and W. J. Bond.   2000.   Predicting extinction risks for plants: environmental stochasticity can save declining populations.   Trends Ecol. Evol.   15:516-520.

Meiners, S. J., S. N. Handel, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2000.   Tree seedling establishment under insect herbivory: edge effects and inter-annual variation.   Plant Ecol.   51:161-170.

Peterson, C. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   2000.   Patch type influences on components of forest regeneration in a western Pennsylvania (USA) catastrophic windthrow.   Oikos   90:489-500.

Pickett, S. T. A., and R. Rozzi.   2000.   The ecological implications of wolf restoration: contemporary ecological principles and linkages with social processes. In: V. A. Sharpe, B. Norton, and S. Donnelly (eds.). Wolves and Human Communities: Biology, Politics, and Ethics.   Island Press, Washington, D. C.   pp. 261-274.

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, and C. G. Jones.   2000.   Generation of heterogeneity by organisms: creation, maintenance, and transformation. In: M. J. Hutchings, E. A. John, and A. J. A. Stewart (eds.).The Ecological Consequences of Environmental Heterogeneity: The 40th Symposium of the British Ecological Society.   Blackwell Science Ltd., Oxford, UK.   pp. 33-52.

Zipperer, W. C., J. Wu, R. V. Pouyat, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2000.   The application of ecological principles to urban and urbanizing landscapes.   Ecol. Appl.   10:685-688.

Baxter, J. W., S. T. A. Pickett, M. M. Carreiro, and J. Dighton.   1999.   Ectomycorrhizal diversity and community structure in oak forests exposed to contrasting anthropogenic impacts.   Can. J. Bot.   77:771-782.

Foresman, T., S. T. A. Pickett, and K. Kuhlman.   1999.   Link globally, act locally: Baltimore Ecosystem Study.   GeoInfoSystems   9 (February):24-29.

Meiners, S. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1999.   Changes in community and population responses across a forest-field gradient.   Ecography   22:261-267.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1999.   The culture of synthesis: habits of mind in novel ecological integration.   Oikos   87:479-487.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   1999.   Landscape ecology: spatial heterogeneity in ecological systems. In: S. I. Dodson, F. H. Allen, S. R. Carpenter, K. Elliot, A. R. Ives, R. L. Jeanne, J. F. Kitchell, N. E. Langston, and M. G. Turner (eds.). Readings in Ecology.   Oxford University Press.   pp. 124-131.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   1999.   Landscape ecology: spatial heterogeneity in ecological systems. Translated by Zhonglinsheng.   Chin. J. Ecol.   18(6): 71-74.

Pickett, S. T. A., M. Shachak, B. Boeken, and J. Armesto.   1999.   The management of ecological systems. In: T. W. Hoekstra and M. Shachak (eds.). Arid Lands Management: Toward Ecological Sustainability.   Illinois University Press, Urbana-Champaign, IL.   pp. 8-17.

Pickett, S. T. A.,W. R. Burch, Jr., and J. M. Grove.   1999.   Interdisciplinary research: maintaining the constructive impulse in a culture of criticism.   Ecosystems   2:302-307.

Pickett, S.T.A., J. Wu, and M. L. Cadenasso.   1999.   Patch dynamics and the ecology of disturbed ground. In: L. R. Walker (ed.). Ecosystems of the World 16: Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground.   Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam.   pp. 707-722.

Saltz, D., M. Shachak, M. Caldwell, S. T. A. Pickett, J. Dawson, H. Tsoar, Y. Yom-Tov, M. Weltz, and R. Farrow.   1999.   The study and management of dryland population systems. In: T. W. Hoekstra and M. Shachak (eds.). Arid Lands Management: Toward Ecological Sustainability.   Illinois University Press, Urbana-Champaign, IL.   pp. 75-96.

Shachak, M., S. T. A. Pickett, B. Boeken, and E. Zaady.   1999.   Managing patchiness, ecological flows, productivity and diversity in dry lands: concepts and applications in the Negev Desert. In: T. W. Hoekstra and M. Shachak (eds.). Arid Lands Management: Toward Ecological Sustainability.   Illinois University Press, Urbana-Champaign, IL.   pp. 254-263.

Dale, V. H., A. E. Lugo, J. A. MacMahon, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1998.   Ecosystem management in the context of large, infrequent disturbances.   Ecosystems   1(6):546-557.

Flores, A., S. T. A. Pickett, W. C. Zipperer, R. V. Pouyat, and R. Pirani.   1998.   Adopting a modern ecological view of the metropolitan landscape: the case of a greenspace system for the New York City region.   Landscape Urban Plan.   39(4):295-308.

Jax, K., C. G. Jones, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1998.   The self-identity of ecological units.   Oikos   82(2):253-264.

Landres, P. B., R. L. Knight, S. T. A. Pickett, and M. L. Cadenasso.   1998.   Ecological effects of administrative boundaries. In: R. L. Knight and P. B. Landres (eds.). Stewardship Across Boundaries.   Island Press, Washington, D. C.   pp. 39-64.

Parker, V. T., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1998.   Historical contingency and multiple scales of dynamics within plant communities. In: D. I. Peterson and V. T. Parker (eds.). Ecological Scale: Theory and Applications.   Columbia University Press, New York.   pp. 171-191.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   Natural processes. In: M. J. Mac, P. A. Opler, C. E. Puckett Haecker, and P. D. Doran (eds.). National Status and Trends of the Nation's Biological Resources.   U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C..   pp. 1-22.

Rozzi, R., E. Hargrove, J. J. Armesto, S. Pickett, and J. Silander, Jr.   1998.   "Natural drift" as a post-modern evolutionary metaphor.   Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat.   71:5-17.

Cadenasso, M. L., M. M. Traynor, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1997.   Functional location of forest edges: gradients of multiple physical factors.   Can. J. For. Res.   27(5):774-782.

Foresman, T. W., S. T. A. Pickett, and W. C. Zipperer.   1997.   Methods for spatial and temporal land use and land cover assessment for urban ecosystems and applications in the greater Baltimore-Chesapeake region.   Urban Ecosyst.   1(4):201-216.

McDonnell, M. J., S. T. A. Pickett, P. Groffman, P. Bohlen, R. V. Pouyat, W. C. Zipperer, R. W. Parmelee, M. M. Carreiro, and K. Medley.   1997.   Ecosystem processes along an urban-to-rural gradient.   Urban Ecosyst.   1(1):21-36.

Ostfeld, R. S., S. T. A. Pickett, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens.   1997.   Defining the scientific issues. In: S. T. A. Pickett, R. S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens (eds.). The Ecological Basis of Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity.   Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York.   pp. 3-10.

Parker, V. T., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1997.   Restoration as an ecosystem process: implications of the modern ecological paradigm. In: K. M. Urbanska, N. R. Webb, and P. J. Edwards (eds.). Restoration Ecology and Sustainable Development.   Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.   pp. 17-32.

Peters, R. S., D. M. Waller, B. Noon, S. T. A. Pickett, T. J. Givnish, D. Murphy, J. Cracraft, R. Kiester, W. Kuhlmann, O. Houck, and W. J. Snape, III.   1997.   Standard scientific procedures for implementing ecosystem management on public lands. In: S. T. A. Pickett, R. S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens (eds.). The Ecological Basis of Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity.   Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York.   pp. 320-336.

Pickett, S. T. A., and K. H. Rogers.   1997.   Patch dynamics: the transformation of landscape structure and function. In: J. S. Bissonnette (ed.). Wildlife and Landscape Ecology.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 101-127.

Pickett, S. T. A., M. Shachak, R. S. Ostfeld, and G. E. Likens.   1997.   Toward a comprehensive conservation theory. In: S. T. A. Pickett, R. S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens (eds.). The Ecological Basis of Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity.   Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York.   pp. 384-399.

Pickett, S. T. A., W. R. Burch, Jr., and S. E. Dalton.   1997.   Integrated urban ecosystem research: themes, needs, and applications.   Urban Ecosyst.   1(4):183-184.

Pickett, S. T. A., W. R. Burch, Jr., S. E. Dalton, T. W. Foresman, J. M. Grove, and R. Rowntree.   1997.   A conceptual framework for the study of human ecosystems in urban areas. [Special issue entitled, "Baltimore-Washington Integrated Regional Framework."]   Urban Ecosyst.   1(4):185-200.

Pouyat, R. V., M. J. McDonnell, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1997.   Litter decomposition and nitrogen cycling processes along an urban-rural land use gradient.   Urban Ecosyst.   1(2):117-131.

Shachak, M., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1997.   Linking ecological understanding and application: patchiness in a dryland system. In: S. T. A. Pickett, R. S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens (eds.). The Ecological Basis of Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity.   Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York.   pp. 108-119.

Parker, V. T., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1996.   Understanding implications of the modern ecological paradigm: viewing restoration as a process. pp. 15-22. In: D. L. Peterson and C. V. Klimas (eds.). The Role of Restoration in Ecosystem Management.   Society for Ecological Restoration, Madison, Wisconsin.  

Pickett, S. T. A.   1996.   Sustainable forestry in Chilean Tierra del Fuego.   Trends Ecol. Evol.   11:450-452.

Rozzi, R., J. Armesto, F. Massarco, S. Pickett, and S. Lehmann.   1996.   Hacia una unidad entre ecólogos y ambientalistas.   Ambiente y Desarrollo   12(4):81-86.

Soedjito, H., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1996.   Root systems, nutrient dynamics, and Kenyah environmental knowledge. In: C. Padoch and N. L. Peluso (eds.). Borneo in Transition: People, Forest, Conservation, and Development.   Oxford University Press, New York.   pp. 221-229.

Goldman, M. B., P. M. Groffman, R. V. Pouyat, M. J. McDonnell, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1995.   CH4 uptake and N availability in forest soils along an urban to rural gradient.   Soil Biol. Biochem.   27:281-286.

Groffman, P. M., R. V. Pouyat, M. J. McDonnell, S. T. A. Pickett, and W. C. Zipperer.   1995.   Carbon pools and trace gas fluxes in urban forest soils. In: R. Lal, J. Kimble, E. Levine, and B. A. Stewart (eds.). Advances in Soil Science: Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect.   CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida.   pp. 147-158.

Medley, K. E., M. J. McDonnell, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1995.   Forest-landscape structure along an urban-to-rural gradient.   Prof. Geogr.   47(2):159-168.

Peterson, C. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1995.   Forest reorganization: a case study in an old-growth forest catastrophic blowdown.   Ecology   76:763-774.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1995.   Overview of disturbance. In: V. H. Heywood and R. T. Watson (eds.). Global Biodiversity Assessment.   UNEP/Cambridge University Press.   pp. 311-318.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   1995.   Landscape ecology: spatial heterogeneity in ecological systems.   Science   269:331-334.

Pickett, S. T. A., and R. S. Ostfeld.   1995.   The shifting paradigm in ecology. In: R. L. Knight and S. F. Bates (eds.). A New Century for Natural Resources Management.   Island Press, Washington, D. C.   pp. 261-278.

Pouyat, R. V., M. J. McDonnell, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1995.   Soil characteristics of oak stands along an urban-rural gradient.   J. Environ. Qual.   24:516-526.

Pouyat, R. V., M. J. McDonnell, S. T. A. Pickett, P. M. Groffman, M. M. Carreiro, R. W. Parmelee, K. E. Medley, and W. C. Zipperer.   1995.   Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in oak stands along an urban-rural land use gradient. In: J. M. Kelly and W. W. McFee (eds.). Carbon Forms and Functions in Forest Soils.   Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin.   pp. 569-587.

Myster, R. W., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1994.   A comparison of rate of succession over 18 years in 10 contrasting old fields.   Ecology   75:387-392.

Ostfeld, R. S., N. Lewin, J. Schnurr, S. T. A. Pickett, and C. D. Canham.   1994.   The roles of small rodents in creating patchy environments. Pol. Ecol. Stud.   20:265-276.

Pickett, S. T. A., and R. S. Ostfeld.   1994.   The shifting paradigm in ecology.   Ecol. Environ.   3:151-159.

Pickett, S. T. A., and V. T. Parker.   1994.   Avoiding the old pitfalls: opportunities in a new discipline.   Restor. Ecol.   2(2):75-79.

Pickett, S. T. A., I. C. Burke, V. H. Dale, J. R. Gosz, R. G. Lee, S. W. Pacala, and M. Shachak.   1994.   Integrated models of forested regions. In: P. Groffman and G. E. Likens (eds.). Integrated Regional Models: Interactions Between Humans and Their Environment.   Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York.   pp. 120-141.

McDonnell, M. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1993.   Introduction: scope and need for an ecology of subtle human effects and populated areas. In: M. J. McDonnell and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.). Humans as Components of Ecosystems: The Ecology of Subtle Human Effects and Populated Areas.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 1-5.

McDonnell, M. J., S. T. A. Pickett, and R. V. Pouyat.   1993.   The application of the ecological gradient paradigm to the study of urban effects. In: M. J. McDonnell and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.). Humans as Components of Ecosystems: The Ecology of Subtle Human Effects and Populated Areas.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 175-189.

Myster, R. W., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1993.   Effects of litter, distance, density and vegetation patch type on postdispersal tree seed predation in old fields.   Oikos   66:381-388.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1993.   An ecological perspective on population change and land use. In: C. L. Jolly and B. B. Torrey (eds.). Population and Land Use in Developing Countries.   National Academy Press, Washington, D. C.   pp. 37-51.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. J. McDonnell.   1993.   Humans as components of ecosystems: a synthesis. In: M. J. McDonnell and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.). Humans as Components of Ecosystems: The Ecology of Subtle Human Effects and Populated Areas.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 310-316.

Wilczynski, C. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1993.   Seasonal fine root dynamics within experimental tree-fall gaps: evidence for a below ground gap.   J. Veg. Sci.   4:571-174.

Kolasa, J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1992.   Ecosystem stress and health: an expansion of the conceptual basis.   J. Aquat. Ecosyst. Health   1:7-13.

Myster, R. W., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1992.   Effects of palatability and dispersal mode on spatial patterns of trees in oldfield.   Bull. Torrey Bot. Club   119:145-151.

Myster, R. W., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1992.   Association analysis and pathways of old field succession at the Hutcheson Memorial Forest center.   J. Ecol.   80:291-302.

Pickett, S. T. A., V. T. Parker, and P. Fiedler.   1992.   The new paradigm in ecology: implications for conservation biology above the species level. In: P. Fiedler and S. Fain (eds.). Conservation Biology: The Theory and Practice of Nature Conservation, Preservation and Management.   Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York.   pp. 65-88.

Armesto, J. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1991.   Foreword.   Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat.   64(3):389.

Armesto, J. J., S. T. A. Pickett, and M. J. McDonnell.   1991.   Spatial heterogeneity during succession: a cyclic model of invasion and exclusion. In: J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.). Ecological Heterogeneity.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 256-269.

Facelli, J. M., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1991.   Indirect effects of litter on woody seedlings subject to herb competition.   Oikos   62:129-144.

Facelli, J. M., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1991.   Plant litter: light interception and effects on an old-field plant community.   Ecology   72:1024-1031.

Facelli, J. M., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1991.   The dynamics of litter.   Bot. Rev.   57:1-32.

McDonnell, M. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1991.   Comparative analysis of ecosystems along gradients of urbanization: opportunities and limitations. In: J. Cole, G. Lovett, and S. Findlay (eds.). Comparative Analyses of Ecosystems: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Theories.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 351-355.

Peterson, C. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1991.   Treefall and resprouting following catastrophic windthrow in an old growth hemlock-hardwoods forest.   For. Ecol. Manage.   42:205-217.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1991.   Long-term studies: past experience and recommendations for the future. In: P. G. Risser (ed.). Long-Term Ecological Research. SCOPE 47.   Wiley, Chichester.   pp. 71-88.

Pickett, S. T. A., and J. J. Armesto.   1991.   Theoretical motivation for comparative ecology.   Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat.   64(3):391-398.

Pickett, S. T. A., B. E. Hall, and M. L. Pace.   1991.   Strategy and checklist for effective scientific talks.   Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.   72(1):8-11.

Carson, W. P., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1990.   Resource and disturbance interactions in an oldfield plant community.   Ecology   71:226-238.

Facelli, J. M., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1990.   Markovian chains and the role of history in succession.   Trends Ecol. Evol.   5(1):27-30.

Foster, D. R., P. K. Schoonmaker, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1990.   Insights from paleoecology to community ecology.   Trends Ecol. Evol.   5:119-122.

McDonnell, M. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1990.   Ecosystem structure and function along urban-rural gradients: an unexploited opportunity for ecology.   Ecology   71(4):1232-1237.

Myster, R. W., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1990.   Initial conditions, history, and successional pathways in ten contrasting oldfields.   Am. Midl. Nat.   124:231-238.

Peterson, C. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1990.   Microsite and elevational influences on forest regeneration three years after catastrophic windthrow.   J. Veg. Sci.   1:657-662.

Peterson, C. J., W. P. Carson, B. C. McCarthy, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1990.   Microsite variation and soil dynamics within newly created treefall pits and mounds.   Oikos   58:39-46.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1990.   Earthquakes, fires and communicating ecology.   Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.   71:159-161.

Pickett, S. T. A., and J. J. Armesto.   1990.   Democracy and scientific cooperation with Chile.   BioScience   40(8):554.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. J. McDonnell.   1990.   Changing perspectives in community dynamics [a reply to C. K. Waters].   Trends Ecol. Evol.   5:123-124.

Berkowitz, A. R., J. Kolasa, R. H. Peters, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1989.   How far in space and time can the results from a single long-term study be extrapolated? In: G. E. Likens (ed.). Long-Term Studies in Ecology: Approaches and Alternatives.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 192-198.

Kolasa, J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1989.   Ecological systems and the concept of organization.   Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA   86:8837-8841.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1989.   Space-for-time substitution as an alternative to long-term studies. In: G. E. Likens (ed.). Long-Term Studies in Ecology: Approaches and Alternatives.   Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.   pp. 110-135.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1989.   What is the role of a disciplinary section in a multidisciplinary science?   Veg. Sect. Newsl.   9(1):5-6.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1989.   Climax community. In: American Academic Encyclopedia.   Grolier, Inc.   5:59.

Pickett, S. T. A., and J. Kolasa.   1989.   Structure of theory in vegetation science.   Vegetatio   83:7-15.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. J. McDonnell.   1989.   Changing perspectives in community dynamics: a theory of successional forces.   Trends Ecol. Evol.   4(8):241-245.

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. J. McDonnell.   1989.   Seed bank dynamics in temperate deciduous forest. In: M. A. Leck, V. T. Parker, and R. L. Simpson (eds.). Ecology of Soil Seed Banks.   Academic Press, Inc.   pp. 123-147.

Pickett, S. T. A., J. Kolasa, J. J. Armesto, and S. L. Collins.   1989.   The ecological concept of disturbance and its expression at different hierarchical levels.   Oikos   54:129-156.

Rankin, W. T., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1989.   Time of establishment of red maple (Acer rubrum) in early oldfield succession.   Bull. Torrey Bot. Club   116:182-186.

Wein, G. R., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1989.   Dispersal, establishment, and survivorship of a cohort of Erythronium americanum.   Bull. Torrey Bot. Club   116:240-246.

Collins, B. S., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1988.   Demographic responses of herb layer species to experimental canopy gaps in a Pennsylvania forest.   J. Ecol.   76:437-450.

McDonnell, M. J., and S. T. Pickett.   1988.   Connectivity and the theory of landscape ecology.   Munstersche Geogr. Arb.   29:17-21.

Myster, R. W., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1988.   Individualistic patterns of annuals and biennials in early successional oldfields.   Vegetatio   78:53-60.

Pickett, S. T. A., and J. J. Armesto.   1988.   Progress in theoretical vegetation science.   Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.   69:225-226.

Wein, G. R., S. T. A. Pickett, and B. S. Collins.   1988.   Biomass allocation of Erythronium americanum populations in different light intensities.   Ann. Bot.   61:717-722.

Collins, B. S., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1987.   Influence of canopy opening on the environment and herb layer in a northern hardwoods forest.   Vegetatio   70:3-10.

Pickett, S. T. A., S. L. Collins, and J. J. Armesto.   1987.   A hierarchical consideration of causes and mechanisms of succession.   Vegetatio   69:109-114.

Pickett, S. T. A., S. L. Collins, and J. J. Armesto.   1987.   Models, mechanisms and pathways of succession.   Bot. Rev.   53(3):335-371.

Armesto, J. J., and S. T. A. Pickett.   1986.   Removal experiments to test mechanisms of plant succession in oldfields.   Vegetatio   66:85-93.

Papers--In Press

Cadenasso, M. L., and S. T. A. Pickett.   2007.   Boundaries as structural and functional entities in landscapes: Understanding flows in ecology and urban design. In: B. McGrath, M. L. Cadenasso, J. M. Grove, V. Marshall, S. T. A. Pickett, and J. Towers (eds.). Designing Urban Patch Dynamics.   Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, Columbia University, New York.  

Cadenasso, M. L., S. T. A. Pickett, M. J. McDonnell, and R. V. Pouyat.   2007.   Forest vegetation along an urban-rural gradient in the New York City metropolitan area: patterns and relationships to ecosystem processes.   Transactions of the Linnean Society of New York.  

Meiners, S. J., M. L. Cadenasso, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2007.   Succession on the Piedmont of New Jersey and its implications for ecological restoration. In: V. A. Cramer and R. J. Hobbs (eds.). Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland.   Island Press, Washington, D. C.  

Pickett, S. T. A., and M. L. Cadenasso.   2007.   Patch dynamics as a conceptual tool to link ecology and design. In: B. McGrath, M. L. Cadenasso, J. M. Grove, V. Marshall, S. T. A. Pickett, and J. Towers (eds.). Designing Urban Patch Dynamics.   Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, Columbia University, New York.  

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, M. J. McDonnell, and W. R. Burch, Jr.   2007.   Frameworks for urban ecosystem studies: Gradients, patch dynamics, and the human ecosystem. In: M. J. McDonnell, J. Breuste, and A. K. Hahs (eds.). Ecology of Cities and Towns: A Comparative Approach.   Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.  

Miscellaneous Publications

Pickett, S. T. A.   2007.   May 27. Conference aims for greener cities: Ecologically sound urban designs more efficient, informative.   Poughkeepsie Journal  

Meiners, S. J., M. L. Cadenasso, and S. T. A. Pickett.   2003.   Exotic plant invasions in successional systems: the utility of a long-term approach. Pp. 70-72. In: S. L. C. Fosbroke, and K. W. Gottschalk (eds.).   Proceedings, USDA Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moths and Other Exotic Species 2002. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-300, Newton Square, Pennsylvania.   116 pp.

Berkowitz, A. R., S. E. G. Findlay and S. T. A. Pickett, (eds.).   2002.   Undergraduate Research Reports -- 1998 and 1999.   Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Number 16, Millbrook, New York.  

Berkowitz, A. R., S. E. G. Findlay, and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.).   2000.   Undergraduate Research Reports -- 1996 and 1997.   Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Number 14, Millbrook, New York.  

Pickett, S. T. A.   1999.   "Everything Is Connected?"   EcoNotes, Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   March 25. Sect. A: 5, 6.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1999.   "Ecology: The science of limits."   EcoNotes, Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   April 8. Sect. A:5.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1999.   The land ethic at 50.   Institute of Ecosystem Studies Newsletter   16(6):1,3.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   The ecology behind conservation: biodiversities.   Conf. Conserv. Biodiversity, Annapolis, Maryland.  

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   "Land use as an ecological variable,".     

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   Everything is Connected?   IES Newsletter   15:6.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   Ecological English.   EcoNotes, Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CVI(2):A5 (1/15/98).

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   Burning the meadow.   EcoNotes, Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CVI(20):A4 (5/21/98).

Pickett, S. T. A.   1998.   "A Whiff of the Past,".     

Berkowitz, A. R., S. E. G. Findlay, C. H. Nilon, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1997.   Undergraduate Research Reports--1994 and 1995.   Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Number 11, Millbrook, New York.   107 pp.

Flores, A., R. V. Pouyat, S. T. A. Pickett, and M. J. McDonnell.   1997.   A Reference Guide and Bibliography to the Ecology and Natural Resources of the New York City Metropolitan Area. Second Edition.   Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Number 12, Millbrook, New York.   136 pp.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1997.   The ragweed rap.   EcoNotes, Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CV(37):A5 (9/11/97).

Pickett, S. T. A.   1997.   The ecology of home, Part I.   Opinion, "EcoNotes," Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CV(9) (2/27/97).

Pickett, S. T. A.   1997.   The ecology of home, Part II: scrutinizing the backyard.   Opinion, "EcoNotes," Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CV(10):A5 (3/6/97).

Pickett, S. T. A.   1997.   The other side of extinction.   Opinion, "EcoNotes," Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CV(22):A5 (5/29/97).

Pickett, S.   1996.   The new paradigm in ecology. In: R. Knight (ed.). Natural Resources Management for the New Century.   Office of Instructional Services, Colorado State University, Fort Collins.   Video, catalog #TV09555.

Pickett, S.   1996.   The edges of Dutchess County.   Guest Column, Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CIV(1):A5 (1/4/96).

Pickett, S. T. A.   1996.   Fruit flagging.   Guest Column, "EcoNotes," Taconic Newspapers, Millbrook, New York.   CIV(41):A6 (10/10/96).

Berkowitz, A. R., S. E. G. Findlay, and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.).   1995.   Undergraduate Research Reports--1991, 1992 and 1993.   Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, No. 10, Millbrook, New York.   157 pp.

McDonnell, M. J., S. T. A. Pickett, R. V. Pouyat, and W. C. Zipperer.   1995.   Urban-rural ecological gradients: a new perspective for urban forestry. In: C. Kolin and M. Barratt (eds.).   Proceedings of the 7th National Urban Forest Conference. American Forests, Washington, D. C.   pp. 22-24.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1995.   Fall: coming soon to a city near you?   Guest Column, Taconic Newspapers CIII   (48):4, (11/30/95).

Berkowitz, A. R., S. E. G. Findlay, and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.).   1992.   Undergraduate Research Reports--1989 and 1990.   Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, No. 6, Millbrook, New York.   83 pp.

Berkowitz, A. R., S. E. G. Findlay, and S. T. A. Pickett (eds.).   1990.   Undergraduate Research Reports--Summer 1988.   Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, No. 4, Millbrook, New York.   43 pp.

Pickett, S. T. A.   1987.   The role of theory in permanent plot studies. In: C. D. Canham (ed.). Permanent Plotter 1(1).   Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, New York.   pp. 5-6.

Pickett, S. T., and J. J. Armesto.   1987.   Canopy Gaps in Forest Systems [review of symposium organized by J. S. Denslow and T. A. Spies].   Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.   68(5):554-555.

Strayer, D., J. S. Glitzenstein, C. G. Jones, J. Kolasa, G. E. Likens, M. J. McDonnell, G. G. Parker, and S. T. A. Pickett.   1986.   Longterm ecological studies: an illustrated account of their design, operation, and importance to ecology. Occasional Publication of the Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Number 2, Millbrook, New York.   38 pp. [Also: first installment, translated into Chinese, reprinted in 1988, Adv. Ecol. 5(1):51-55 (Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinica, Shenyang, People's Republic of China).]

Back